A group sequential design allows investigators to sequentially monitor efficacy and safety as part of interim testing in phase III trials.Literature is well developed in the case of continuous and binary outcomes, however, in case of trials with a time-to-event outcome, popular methods of sample size calculation often assume proportional hazards.In

Preservation of indigenous gastrointestinal microbiota is critical for successful captive breeding of endangered wild animals, Clothing yet its biology is poorly understood.Here, we compared the cecal microbial composition of wild living Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus muta japonica) in different locations of Japanese mountains, and the dominant